Foods and Characteristic Adaptations of Fishes
The vast majority of living fishes are predatory. Of some 1100 species of extant elasmobranchs, only 13 (1.2%) â the […]
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The Digestive Tracts of Fishes
The digestive tract of fishes is divided into four regions: the foregut (esophagus and stomach, if present), mid-gut, hindgut, and
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Teeth of Fishes
Living Agnathan fishes possess conical, rasping tooth-like structures made of keratin, the same structural protein found in human hair and
Osmoregulation in Chondrichthyes
Blood ionic composition in marine elasmobranchs and holocephalans is some what higher than in teleosts, but its osmolarity is very
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Food Choices of Fish
But optimal foraging strategies may not remain identical throughout an organismâs lifespan and many species exhibit a trophic ontogeny or
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The Kidney of Fishes
Apart from a brief foray into the Agnathan kidney, we have so far considered almost entirely extrarenal routes of ion
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