Clonorchis sinensis: Liver Fluke in Humans
Trematodes are all parasitic flukes, and as adults they are almost all found as endoparasites of vertebrates. They are chiefly […]
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Zoology
Pleurobrachia: A Representative Ctenophore
Pleurobrachia (Gr. pleuron, side, + L. brachia, arms) is about 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter. The oral pole bears
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Forms and Functions of Sponges
Sponges feed primarily by collecting suspended particles from water pumped through internal canal systems. Water enters canals through a multitude
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Phylum Ctenophora: The Sea Walnuts
Ctenophora (te-nof´o-ra) (Gr. kteis, ktenos, comb, +phora, pl. of bearing) is composed of about 150 species. All are marine forms
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Obelia: A Marine Colonial Hydroid
A typical hydroid has a base, a stalk, and one or more terminal zooids. The base by which colonial hydroids
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Phylum Porifera: Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversification
Sponges originated before the Cambrian period. Two groups of calcareous spongelike organisms occupied early Paleozoic reefs. The Devonian period saw
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Forms and Functions of Cnidarians
One of the most interesting—and sometimes puzzling—aspects of this phylum is the dimorphism and often polymorphism displayed by many of
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Phylum Cnidaria: The Flower of the Sea
Phylum Cnidaria (ny-dar´e-a) (Gr. knide, nettle, + L. aria [pl. suffix], like or connected with) is an interesting group of
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Cells in Sponges
Sponge cells are loosely arranged in a gelatinous matrix called mesohyl, or mesenchyme. The mesohyl is the connective tissue of
Canal Systems in Sponges
Asconoids Asconoid sponges have the simplest organization. Water is drawn into the sponge through microscopic dermal pores by the beating
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